-부터 and -에서 are particles, they mean ‘from-‘. The difference of those two is that ‘-부터’ is often used for time, -에서 is often used for place. And -까지 means ‘to-‘ or ‘until-‘, you can use it for both time and place.
Noun + 부터(from- : time) |
Noun+까지(to-) |
Noun + 까지(from- : place) |
For example,
- Noun+부터(from-)
| 1시부터 공부해요. | I study from 1 o’clock. |
| 언제부터 시작해요? | When do we start? |
| 아침부터 저녁까지 일해요. | I work from morning to evening. |
| 어제부터 오늘 아침까지 회의를 했어요. | I have had a meeting from yesterday to this morning. |
| 오늘부터 담배를 끊을 거예요. | I am going to quit smoking from today. |
- Noun+에서(from)
| 집에서 3시에 나왔어요. | I left home at 3. |
| 어느 나라에서 왔어요? | Which country did you come from? |
| 서울에서 부산까지 3시간 걸려요. | It takes 3 hours from Seoul to Busan. |
| 서울에서 몇 시에 출발할 거예요? | What time are you departing from Seoul? |
- Noun+까지(to, until, by-)
| 1시까지 공부할 거예요. | I will study until 1. |
| 내일까지 끝낼 거예요. | I will finish it by tomorrow. |
| 부산까지 표가 얼마예요? | How much is the ticket to Busan? |
| 지하철 역까지 같이 걸어 가요. | Let’s walk together to the subway station. |
You can listen to the pronunciation here.
Funkorean4u.com 
This helped me understand this a lot more than I thought I would
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